What happens when the prescription of crime is applicable?

The correct answer underscores the principle of prescription in criminal law, which refers to the time limit within which legal proceedings can be initiated. When the prescription of crime is applicable, it means that the state has a stipulated period during which it can bring charges against an individual. Once this period expires, the state loses its right to prosecute, effectively barring any legal action for that particular crime.

This concept serves essential functions in the legal system, including ensuring fairness by allowing the accused to rely on the passage of time for a resolution and the preservation of evidence. Over time, evidence may degrade, and witnesses may become unavailable, which could undermine the integrity of a trial. Thus, the prescription provides a balance between the interests of justice and the rights of the accused.

Other choices relate to the judicial process but do not accurately describe the concept of prescription in criminal law. For instance, the ability to prosecute indefinitely would negate the protection afforded by prescription, while the notion of immediate trials addresses efficiency issues rather than time limitations for prosecution. A plea of not guilty pertains to the defendant's response to charges and is not directly connected to the time limits imposed by prescription.