What does the term "de officio" refer to in the context of prosecuting crimes?

The term "de officio" in the context of prosecuting crimes refers to actions taken by an official in the course of their duties, often without the need for a formal complaint from the victim. This means that a prosecutor can initiate legal proceedings based on their own authority and discretion, particularly in cases where they believe a crime has been committed, even if the victim has not come forward or filed a complaint.

This practice is significant in the criminal justice system because it underscores the role of public officials in maintaining law and order, ensuring that justice can be pursued even when victims may be reluctant to take action themselves. The ability for prosecution to occur "de officio" reflects the state's interest in addressing crimes that affect public safety and welfare, rather than relying solely on individual victims to initiate legal proceedings.